The previous tutorials featured resistors in direct current (DC) circuits wherein the voltage and current have been assumed to be of constant polarity, flow and direction. The voltage, current and ...

You're probably familiar with the old-fashioned strings of holiday lights that go out completely if one bulb burns out. Although these lights cause hours of frustration during the holidays, they also ...

APDs (avalanche photodiodes) or APDs, are common components in laser-based fiber-optic systems for converting optical data into electrical form. The bias voltage and current measurement requirements ...

I see techs in the field get the most frustrated when they have a low-voltage short they can’t seem to locate. The challenge techs face with low voltage diagnosis is a combination of poor process and ...

If you got your start in electronics sometime after 1980 your first project might well have been to light up an LED. Microcontroller projects often light up an LED, too, and a blinking LED is ...

There are many cases where a power supply needs an internal current-limiter function, usually built using a current sensor, a control circuit, and a pass transistor. The current sensor itself can be a ...

The power electronics components of a photovoltaic (PV) system, such as grid-direct inverters, have maximum and minimum voltage inputs; therefore, you need to adjust the module voltage values to meet ...

Several types of devices are employed in electronic systems to protect against voltage transients, power surges, and excessive voltage or current. Varistors is one of those devices that protect ...