Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) signaling promote the pathology of many human diseases. Loss-of-function variants of the UPR regulator Activating Transcription ...

A 291-day-old retina organoid. Red and green cone photoreceptors appear green, blue cone photorectors appear blue, and rod photoreceptors appear red. Scientists have grown simplified human retinas ...

The vertebrate rod and cone photoreceptors are highly specialized sensory neurons that transduce light into the chemical and electrical signals of the nervous system. Although the physiological ...

Humans rely on sight, which is primarily mediated by three color-sensing cone types, to perceive the world in a kaleidoscope of hues. Blue cones develop earliest, followed by the morphologically ...

Early mammals evolved in a burst during the Jurassic period, adapting a nocturnal lifestyle when dinosaurs were the dominant daytime predator. How these early mammals evolved night vision to find food ...